Travel Guide from Mons to Namur: History, Traditions, and the Industrial Legacy of Wallonia

The tour of Wallonia begins in Mons, a city where medieval history and culture merge in a vibrant setting. Stunning Gothic stained-glass windows and its iconic belfry, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, bear witness to the city’s splendor over the centuries. The cobbled streets of the old town invite you to discover lively squares and historic cafés, while its cultural heritage comes alive every four years during the Doudou celebration, a UNESCO-recognized festival that fills the city with color and tradition.

Continuing along the route, Binche is the birthplace of Belgium’s most famous Carnival, a celebration with medieval roots where the enigmatic Gilles parade in their colorful costumes and ancient masks. Beyond its carnival, the city preserves its legacy in the ancient walls surrounding the center and in the International Carnival and Mask Museum, where the history of this festival is intertwined with world folklore.

Further on, Charleroi offers a fascinating contrast to its industrial past and cultural renaissance. Known for its mining and steelmaking heritage, the city has transformed its old factories into creative spaces, with urban art galleries and an emerging cultural scene. Its Baroque bell tower, also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the Museum of Fine Arts, featuring works by Belgian artists such as Magritte, reveal another side of the city. Continuing through the Walloon region, the route eventually takes us to Namur, where history and nature meet at the heart of the Walloon capital.

What to see on the Mons to Namur Travel Route: History, Traditions, and the Industrial Legacy of Wallonia

Mons

Mons, located in the Walloon region of Belgium, is a historic and vibrant city that serves as the capital of the province of Hainaut. Known for its rich cultural heritage, stunning architecture, and its role in European history, Mons is a destination that combines history, tradition, and modernity in one place.

The history of Mons dates back to Roman times, when a settlement called Castrilocus developed, which later grew into a medieval town. During the Middle Ages, Mons became the capital of the County of Hainaut and an important commercial and defensive center, surrounded by fortified walls that protected its growing population. This medieval legacy can still be seen in its old town, with cobbled streets and historic buildings that evoke centuries past.

At the heart of the city is the Grand Place, a historic square surrounded by majestic buildings that combine Gothic, Baroque, and Renaissance architectural styles. The Grand Place has been the epicenter of Mons’s social and cultural life for centuries and remains a vibrant place, with terraces, restaurants, and local events. Traditional festivals are also held here, such as the Doudou, one of the city’s most iconic events and declared an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. The highlight of the Doudou is the Lumeçon, a theatrical reenactment of the fight between Saint George and the dragon, which brings the entire community together in a colorful and exciting celebration.

Uno de los monumentos más destacados de Mons es su Campanario (Belfort) , un impresionante ejemplo de arquitectura barroca del siglo XVII. Este campanario, que forma parte del Patrimonio de la Humanidad de la UNESCO, se eleva a 87 metros de altura y ofrece vistas panorámicas de la ciudad y sus alrededores. Equipado con un carrillón de 49 campanas, el Belfort es un símbolo del poder y la historia de Mons, marcando el paso del tiempo y manteniendo vivas las tradiciones musicales de la región.

Another important landmark is the Collegiate Church of St. Waltrude, a masterpiece of Brabantine Gothic built in the 15th century. This imposing religious building is not only notable for its architecture, but also for the relics of St. Waltrude, the patron saint of Mons, which attract pilgrims and visitors from all over.

Grand Place of Mons

In the heart of Mons, the Grand Place welcomes you with its unique charm, a place where centuries of history intertwine with the city’s vibrant daily life. This wide cobblestone space, which has been the center of Mons’s social, political, and cultural life since the Middle Ages, is surrounded by majestic historic buildings spanning diverse architectural styles, from Gothic to Neoclassical, reflecting the city’s different periods of splendor.

The most notable building is the Hôtel de Ville (Mons Town Hall), a gem of Brabantine Gothic architecture built in the 15th century. Its elegant façade is adorned with architectural details that symbolize the city’s power and wealth during the Middle Ages. Just to the side of the main entrance, you’ll find the famous Singe du Grand Garde, a small iron monkey whose time-worn head bears witness to the local tradition: stroking it with your left hand, according to popular belief, will bring you luck and prosperity. This seemingly unassuming detail has become an icon of Mons and a symbol of the connection between its inhabitants and their history.

The Grand Place is not just an architectural space; it’s also the social soul of the city. Its cafés and terraces offer an ideal place to enjoy local cuisine, from a refreshing Belgian beer to specialties such as carbonnade flamande, a meat stew cooked with beer, or the region’s typical gray shrimp croquettes. This space comes alive with the comings and goings of residents and visitors, especially on weekends and holidays, becoming the ultimate meeting point.

A must-see time to visit the Grand Place is during the Doudou Festival, a unique celebration deeply rooted in Mons’s cultural identity and recognized as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

This festival, held every spring on Trinity Sunday, transforms the square into a vibrant stage for the reenactment of the Lumeçon, the legendary fight between Saint George and the Dragon. During this celebration, thousands of people gather in the Grand Place to witness this symbolic spectacle, while music and excitement fill the air.

In addition to its historical and cultural richness, the Grand Place has been the scene of key events throughout the centuries. From medieval markets to historic speeches, every cobblestone seems to resonate with the stories of those who have passed through. The buildings surrounding the square, such as the Golden Fleece, a former inn dating back to the 18th century, and the Mundaneum Museum, complement the experience, making the Grand Place a place where past and present coexist harmoniously.

The Grand Place in Mons is a place to pause, listen to the stories its walls have to tell, and connect with the very essence of the city. Whether exploring its architecture, participating in its traditions, or simply enjoying its lively atmosphere, this space is a living testament to Mons’s rich history and vibrant spirit. The square is open to the public year-round and admission is free, making it a must-see for any visitor.

City Hall (Mons Town Hall)

The Hôtel de Ville de Mons, located on the iconic Grand Place, is a masterpiece of Brabantine Gothic architecture built in the 15th century. Designed by architect Matheus de Layens, this building reflects the city’s medieval splendor and its importance as the capital of the County of Hainaut. Its façade, decorated with intricate tracery and sculptures, displays a delicate attention to detail that stands out from the surrounding buildings. Although the central tower was left incomplete, its presence gives it a distinctive character, making it a unique symbol of Mons.

Inside, the Hôtel de Ville houses historically significant spaces, such as the Estates Room, famous for its wooden ceiling and tapestries depicting local historical events. These rooms, now used for official events, reflect the city’s power and influence during the medieval and Renaissance periods. Guided tours allow visitors to explore these spaces and learn more about the town hall’s role at key moments in Mons’s history.

Behind the building is the Town Hall Garden, a tranquil green space that offers a unique perspective on the architecture of the city. Designed in the 18th century, this garden is a serene retreat decorated with statues and flowers, ideal for those seeking a moment of calm amidst the urban hustle and bustle. This space contrasts with the dynamism of the Grand Place and adds an unexpected dimension to the experience.

One of the most curious details of the Hôtel de Ville is the Singe du Grand Garde, a small iron monkey statue located next to the main entrance. Stroking its head with the left hand is a tradition that promises good luck, and its figure has become an icon of the city. This superstition, dating back to the 15th century, connects residents and visitors with the history and customs of Mons.

During the Doudou Festival, the town hall becomes the center of the festivities, decorated with flags and traditional elements. Its façade acts as a backdrop for the legendary fight between Saint George and the Dragon, symbolizing the history and traditions rooted in the heart of the city. With admission accessible through scheduled tours, the Hôtel de Ville is a must-see for understanding Mons’s rich cultural and historical heritage, a space where past and present harmoniously intertwine.

Bell tower of Mons

The Belfry of Mons, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of Belgium’s most iconic monuments and an undisputed symbol of the city. Built in the 17th century, it is the only Baroque bell tower in the country, standing out for its stone and brick structure, decorated with ornamental details that reflect the wealth and splendor of Mons during that era. This 87-meter-high bell tower is an architectural masterpiece that combines elegance and functionality, and has been a key element in the city’s social and cultural life for centuries.

The bell tower houses a 49-bell carillon, whose sound has accompanied the city throughout the centuries, marking the hours and celebrating important events. The largest of these bells, known as the “Bancloque,” dates from 1673 and weighs over five tons. This sonic connection between the bell tower and the people of Mons has created a unique cultural bond, cementing its role as a living symbol of the city. The bells are also central to traditional festivities such as the Doudou, where their music enhances the festive atmosphere and strengthens the connection with local traditions.

The tour of the bell tower is a deeply enriching experience. Throughout the ascent, visitors can enjoy interactive exhibits that narrate the history of the monument, its construction, and its role throughout the centuries. These exhibits also highlight the bell tower’s important role as a watchtower, used for centuries to alert citizens in the event of a fire or attack. Furthermore, the exhibits include details about the complexity of its carillon, explaining how the bells have evolved in use and technique.

From the top of the bell tower, a breathtaking panorama opens up, encompassing not only the city of Mons, but also the countryside and landscapes of the Hainaut region. This vantage point offers a unique perspective of the city, allowing visitors to observe the contrasts between the old town and the modern sprawl, as well as enjoy views of the historic buildings and the green surroundings.

The bell tower is open to the public with hours that vary depending on the season. During spring and summer, it is generally open to visitors from Tuesday to Sunday, from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., while in autumn and winter, hours are slightly reduced. Admission is approximately €9 for adults, with reduced rates for students, children, and groups. Guided tours are also offered, providing additional information on the technical and cultural aspects of the monument.

This belfry is not only a historical site, but a dynamic space that remains a vital part of Mons’s cultural life. Events such as carillon concerts and cultural activities in its surroundings highlight its importance as a meeting point between the past and the present. A visit to the Belfry of Mons is a must-see for those who wish to immerse themselves in the essence of the city, enjoy its architectural and cultural richness, and take in the breathtaking views from above.

Mundaneum Museum

The Mundaneum Museum, located in the heart of Mons, is a unique place that stands as a tribute to the visionary ambition of two Belgian intellectuals: Paul Otlet and Henri La Fontaine, who in 1910 embarked on an unprecedented project known as the “Universal Archives.” This ambitious endeavor sought to gather, organize, and share all the world’s knowledge through a system of records and classifications, laying the foundation for what we know today as the Internet. Because of this, the Mundaneum is considered by many to be the precursor to the global information network.

The museum presents this legacy in an innovative and captivating way, combining historical documents, original objects, and multimedia technologies that explain the process behind the Universal Archives. The system, composed of more than 12 million classified records, was designed to be an accessible and universal reference tool. A visit allows you to explore how this monumental archive attempted to catalog not only books, but also articles, magazines, and any material that could contribute to humanity’s collective knowledge. It is a testament to the idealism and dedication of its creators, who dreamed of a more connected world through shared access to knowledge.

The museum’s contemporary design, with its clear layout and interactive spaces, complements the visionary spirit of Otlet and La Fontaine. Throughout their visit, visitors are immersed in an experience that connects past, present, and future, reflecting on how the way societies manage and share information has evolved. In addition to its permanent collection, the museum hosts temporary exhibitions that explore current themes related to digital culture, global communication, and the impact of new technologies on our lives.

The Mundaneum also has a significant social impact, inviting reflection on the role of knowledge in building a more equal and connected world. Its exhibits highlight how advances in communication have influenced education, culture, and technology, inspiring visitors to consider how these tools can be used to promote innovation and humanity.

The museum is open to the public from Tuesday to Sunday, with opening hours typically from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., and admission is approximately €9 for adults, with discounts available for students, children, and groups. Its location in the center of Mons makes it an accessible and enriching visit, perfect for complementing any city tour.

Binche

The town of Binche, located in the Walloon region of Belgium, is world-renowned for its history, medieval architecture and, above all, for its famous Binche Carnival, declared an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2003. This charming destination is a place where tradition, culture and history intertwine, offering visitors a unique and authentic experience.

Binche has roots dating back to the Middle Ages and retains much of its historic charm. Its old town is surrounded by medieval walls, built in the 12th century and considered some of the best preserved in Belgium. The walls, with their towers and gates, are a testament to the city’s defensive past and a must-see for those looking to immerse themselves in its history.

The Binche Carnival, the city’s most iconic event, is a unique celebration that attracts thousands of visitors each year. Held the three days before Ash Wednesday, the carnival is notable for the Gilles, traditional figures dressed in colorful costumes and wax masks. Accompanied by drum and trumpet music, the Gilles parade through the streets of Binche, throwing oranges to the public as a symbol of good luck. This tradition, believed to have origins in the Renaissance, is one of the oldest and most unique festivals in Europe and represents the pride and identity of the local community.

The International Carnival and Mask Museum, located in the center of Binche, is a must-see for those who want to learn more about this fascinating tradition. The museum explores the history and significance of carnival, not only in Binche but also in other cultures around the world. Its collection includes masks, costumes, and interactive exhibits that offer an educational and entertaining experience.

Culturally, Binche is also known for its architecture and historic buildings, such as the Binche Town Hall, a beautiful 16th-century Renaissance building that dominates the town’s Grand Place. Inside, the town hall houses a stately room decorated with artwork and architectural elements that reflect the town’s rich history. The Grand Place is also a vibrant place, surrounded by cafés and restaurants where visitors can enjoy local cuisine, including specialties such as mussels and fries and Belgian beers.

International Museum of Carnival and Masks

The International Carnival and Mask Museum, located in the heart of Binche, is a unique space dedicated to exploring the cultural richness and history behind carnival traditions around the world. This museum is particularly notable for its close connection to the Binche Carnival, a festival declared an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, making the city an international benchmark for this cultural expression.

The building, located in a converted former convent, houses an impressive collection of masks, costumes, and artifacts related to Carnival.

Through its permanent and interactive exhibits, the museum guides visitors on a journey from the most ancient roots of carnival celebrations to its contemporary manifestations in different cultures around the world. Highlights include African, Asian, and South American masks, as well as traditional European costumes that showcase the diversity and richness of this global festival.

The museum also dedicates a special space to the Binche Carnival, one of Belgium’s most iconic traditions. During this festival, the famous Gilles de Binche, characters dressed in extravagant costumes and wax masks, parade through the city streets, throwing oranges as a symbol of good fortune. This cultural phenomenon has a centuries-old history and is deeply rooted in the local identity. In the museum, visitors can admire the Gilles’ original costumes, learn about the complex rituals surrounding this tradition, and understand its significance for both the community and international spectators.

The International Carnival and Mask Museum not only exhibits historical artifacts but also uses modern technologies to create an interactive experience. Visitors can explore how masks are made, participate in creative workshops, and discover the symbolic meanings of the costumes through audiovisual media. This approach combines tradition with innovation, making the visit engaging for both adults and children.

In addition to its permanent exhibition, the museum hosts temporary exhibitions that explore themes related to carnival, folklore, and the mask as a cultural symbol. These exhibits offer a dynamic and up-to-date perspective on the ways in which celebrations have evolved and continue to connect people globally.

The museum is open Tuesday through Sunday, typically from 9:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., and admission is approximately €7 for adults, with reduced rates for students, children, and groups. Guided tours are also offered for those who wish to delve deeper into the history and details of the collections.

Charleroi

Charleroi, located in the Walloon region of Belgium, is a city with a fascinating combination of industrial history, urban revitalization, and a vibrant cultural scene that makes it a unique destination. Historically known as the “Black Heart of Europe” due to its mining and industrial past, Charleroi has undergone a transformation in recent years, positioning itself as a place that celebrates both its heritage and its capacity for reinvention.

Charleroi developed primarily during the Industrial Revolution, becoming a key center for coal mining and the steel industry. This industrial legacy is still present in many of its cityscapes and historic buildings. Among them is the Bois du Cazier, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This former mining complex now serves as a museum and memorial. This site commemorates the tragic mining disaster of 1956, which claimed the lives of 262 miners of different nationalities. Today, the Bois du Cazier offers exhibitions on the history of mining, worker immigration, and the industrial evolution of the region, providing an educational and introspective experience.

Charleroi’s city center also houses attractions that reflect its rich history and cultural revitalization. Place Charles II, the historic heart of the city, is surrounded by iconic buildings such as Charleroi Town Hall, an Art Deco gem built in the 1930s. Its bell tower, also a World Heritage Site, is a symbol of the city and offers stunning panoramic views. Near the square is St. Christopher’s Church, whose Baroque and modern interior design combines tradition and modernity, particularly notable for its stunning golden mosaic.

Charleroi is also a hub for street art and photography. The city is known for its urban art tours, which guide visitors through murals and graffiti decorating industrial buildings and urban walls, transforming the landscape into an open-air gallery. This creative aspect has earned Charleroi a place on the map of European contemporary art cities.

For museum lovers, Charleroi offers the Museum of Fine Arts, which boasts an outstanding collection of works by Belgian artists, and the BPS22, a contemporary art museum housed in a restored industrial building, which organizes cutting-edge exhibitions that challenge the perception of art.

Charleroi Museum of Photography

The Charleroi Museum of Photography is a must-see cultural destination for art and photography lovers, as well as for those seeking an experience that combines history, creativity, and emotion. Located in a former convent in the Mont-sur-Marchienne district, this museum houses one of the most important photography collections in Europe, establishing itself as an international benchmark in its field.

The museum tour covers the complete evolution of photography, from its earliest days in the 19th century to the most modern and avant-garde expressions of the present. Its permanent collection includes portraits, landscapes, documentary and experimental series, capturing not only unique moments but also the social, cultural, and artistic changes over the years. Highlights include pieces by renowned Belgian photographers, such as Leonard Misonne, master of pictorialism, and international artists whose images have defined eras and photographic styles.

The museum not only celebrates the art of photography but also explores its impact on society. Through temporary and thematic exhibitions, it explores topics such as photojournalism, fashion photography, and the relationship between image and cultural identity. These dynamic approaches make each visit unique, offering new perspectives and reflections on the power of images in everyday life.

The building itself is a fusion of history and modernity. The former convent retains its classical architecture but has been carefully restored and complemented with contemporary spaces that enhance the viewing experience. The exhibition halls are designed to optimize lighting and focus on each work, creating a serene environment that invites visitors to immerse themselves in the world of photography. The museum’s design also includes rest and reflection areas, allowing visitors to appreciate each exhibition at a relaxed and personal pace.

Among its services, the museum features a specialized photography library, housing thousands of books, magazines, and catalogs related to the history and technique of photography. This space is ideal for students, researchers, or those interested in delving deeper into the subject. It also offers workshops and educational activities for all ages, ranging from an introduction to photography to advanced composition and editing techniques.

The Charleroi Museum of Photography is open Tuesday through Sunday, generally from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. Admission is approximately €9 for adults, with reduced rates for students, children, and groups. Guided tours are also offered, ideal for gaining a more in-depth look at the collections and their historical and artistic context.

BPS22 Contemporary Art Center

The BPS22 Contemporary Art Centre in Charleroi is a cultural landmark that combines the region’s industrial history with the vibrant world of contemporary art. Housed in a building that was originally a steel and glass industrial pavilion built in the late 19th century, this space is a perfect example of how historic architecture can be transformed into a dynamic stage for modern creativity. Its imposing structure and open design allow the artworks to blend seamlessly with their surroundings, creating a visual and conceptual dialogue between past and present.

El BPS22 alberga una colección permanente de arte contemporáneo que incluye obras de artistas locales, nacionales e internacionales. En sus salas, los visitantes pueden explorar una diversidad de estilos y disciplinas, desde instalaciones inmersivas y performances hasta esculturas, fotografías y pinturas. Cada exposición es cuidadosamente curada para invitar a la reflexión y fomentar el debate sobre temas sociales, políticos y culturales que resuenan en la actualidad. Entre las obras destacadas, se encuentran piezas que abordan la identidad, el urbanismo y el impacto de la tecnología en la sociedad, reflejando tanto las raíces industriales de Charleroi como las preocupaciones globales contemporáneas.

In addition to its permanent exhibitions, BPS22 regularly organizes temporary exhibitions featuring the work of emerging and established artists. These exhibitions offer a fresh and constantly evolving perspective on the contemporary art scene, making each visit a unique experience. Cultural events such as talks, screenings, and workshops are also held, seeking to bring art to a diverse audience and encourage active community participation.

The atmosphere at BPS22 is inclusive and accessible, designed to allow both art connoisseurs and the curious to enjoy the exhibitions in a relaxed and enriching way. Its spacious spaces and carefully curated lighting enhance the works on display, while the seating areas invite visitors to take their time absorbing every detail. The center also features a café and a shop specializing in contemporary art, where you can purchase books, catalogs, and unique objects.

El BPS22 está abierto de martes a domingo, con horarios habituales de 10:00 a 18:00 horas. La entrada tiene un costo aproximado de 6 euros para adultos, con descuentos disponibles para estudiantes, niños y grupos. También se ofrecen visitas guiadas y actividades educativas diseñadas para todas las edades, lo que lo convierte en un destino ideal para familias, estudiantes y amantes del arte.

Street Art Route

The Charleroi Street Art Trail is a unique experience that transforms the city into a veritable open-air gallery, showcasing how urban art has breathed new life into this former industrial bastion. Known for its history linked to coal and steel, Charleroi has found in street art a way to reinvent itself and express its contemporary identity, transforming walls, facades, and public spaces into canvases that tell stories and reflect the city’s evolution.

Along this route, visitors can admire an impressive collection of works created by local and international artists. The murals, ranging from vibrant and colorful compositions to detailed monochrome designs, address social, political, cultural, and historical themes. Some works stand out for their activism, denouncing inequalities or reflecting on the impact of the region’s industrial past, while others simply beautify urban spaces with creativity and technique. Renowned artists such as Isaac Cordal and local collectives have left their mark on this route, which is constantly updated with new interventions.

The Street Art Route is not only a visual tour, but also an invitation to explore Charleroi from a different perspective. Each work of art is strategically placed, guiding visitors through the city’s lesser-known neighborhoods and corners, revealing its authentic character and its effort to embrace modernity without forgetting its roots. Iconic locations such as old factories, tunnels, and abandoned buildings become part of the urban canvas, creating a unique blend of history and contemporary art.

La experiencia se enriquece con la posibilidad de realizar visitas guiadas, donde expertos en arte urbano explican el contexto, el significado y las técnicas detrás de cada obra.

These tours also offer a deeper insight into the transformation of Charleroi and how street art has influenced the city’s cultural regeneration. For those who prefer to explore the route independently, interactive maps and apps are available, providing information about the locations and artists.

This tour is accessible at any time, as urban art lives in the streets and is open to the public 24 hours a day. However, the best time to explore the route is during the day, when natural light enhances the colors and details of the works. The tour is free, and many visitors combine it with other Charleroi attractions, enjoying the city’s cultural and artistic richness. su recorrido con otras atracciones de Charleroi, disfrutando de la riqueza cultural y artística de la ciudad.

Industrial coal landscapes

Known as Charleroi’s mining heritage, the industrial landscapes of Charleroi coal are a living reminder of the rich mining history that shaped the Walloon region. These mines and their surrounding areas were once the economic engine of Belgium, and although their operation has ceased, their legacy remains as a fascinating testament to the impact of the Industrial Revolution.

The ancient terrils, artificial mountains created from mining waste, offer hiking trails and panoramic views that are striking in their beauty and uniqueness. Climbing one of them is like traveling back in time, with the opportunity to enjoy the contrast between the industrial past and the verdant present that has taken over these spaces.

Some iconic sites, such as the UNESCO-listed mines in the region, offer guided tours that provide insight into what life was like for miners and the importance of this industry to Belgium. These landscapes not only tell a story of hardship and transformation, but also invite reflection on the resilience of nature and local communities.

Bois du Cazier

The Bois du Cazier, located on the outskirts of Charleroi, is a place steeped in history and memory that reflects the crucial role of mining in Belgium’s identity. This former mining complex, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a living testament to the industrial era and a tribute to the miners who toiled and sacrificed their lives in the depths of the earth.

Fundado en el siglo XIX, el Bois du Cazier fue una de las minas de carbón más importantes de la región. Sin embargo, su historia quedó marcada por una tragedia que conmocionó al mundo: el desastre minero del 8 de agosto de 1956. Ese día, un incendio en los túneles provocó la muerte de 262 mineros de 12 nacionalidades diferentes, principalmente italianos que habían emigrado en busca de mejores oportunidades. Este trágico evento no solo expuso las difíciles condiciones laborales de los mineros, sino que también impulsó reformas significativas en materia de seguridad industrial y derechos laborales en Europa.

Today, the Bois du Cazier is much more than a memorial site. The site has been transformed into a cultural and educational complex that includes museums, exhibitions, and spaces for reflection. The Museum of Industry explores the Industrial Revolution in Belgium, showing how mining and steel production shaped the country’s economy and society. One of the most striking features of the Bois du Cazier is its memorial area dedicated to the victims of the 1956 disaster. This sober and moving space includes a list of the names of the deceased miners, accompanied by elements that tell the personal stories of those who worked in the mine. It is a place that invites reflection, recalling the importance of solidarity and workers’ rights.

The tour of the site includes a visit to the old mining infrastructure, such as the extraction towers and workshops, which have been restored to show the conditions in which the miners worked. Visitors can also descend into the underground galleries to experience firsthand what work was like in the heart of the mine. This immersive experience, accompanied by expert guides, offers a deep insight into the arduous work that defined the lives of thousands of families in the region.

The Bois du Cazier is open to the public from Tuesday to Sunday, with opening hours typically from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Admission is approximately €9 for adults, with discounts available for children, students, and groups. Guided tours are also available in several languages, ideal for those seeking a more detailed and contextual tour.

Carlos II Square

Charles II Square is one of Charleroi’s most iconic landmarks, a space that combines history, culture, and modernity in the heart of the city. Named after King Charles II of Spain, under whose rule this region was during the 17th century, the square reflects Charleroi’s historical importance as a strategic and political stronghold in Europe at that time.

The rectangular square is the nerve center of the old town and is surrounded by buildings representing different architectural styles, from classical to modern.

Its original layout was part of an urban plan designed by French military engineers, who fortified Charleroi during the reign of Louis XIV. In the center of the square stands a statue of King Charles II, commemorating the time when this area was part of the Spanish Netherlands. This monument, though austere, symbolizes Charleroi’s strategic and political importance in European history.

One of the most prominent buildings on the square is Charleroi Town Hall, an imposing Art Deco building inaugurated in 1936. Its elegant façade and famous Belfry, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are a testament to Charleroi’s economic boom during the industrial period. From the Belfry, equipped with a 47-bell carillon, you can enjoy panoramic views of the city and its surroundings.

Charles II Square is also an important center of Charleroi’s social and cultural life. During the day, the cafés and restaurants surrounding the square come alive, offering visitors a variety of local specialties, such as Flemish carbonades and regional craft beers. This space also hosts numerous cultural events and festivities, from local markets to open-air concerts, bringing together residents and tourists in a vibrant and welcoming atmosphere.

Charleroi City Council

Charleroi Town Hall is one of the city’s most iconic buildings, a true symbol that reflects the history, architecture, and industrial spirit that defined Charleroi. This imposing building, located on Charles II Square, was inaugurated in 1936 and stands out as a masterpiece of the Art Deco style. Its construction reflected the city’s industrial boom, marked by coal and steel production, which fueled the region’s growth.

Designed by architect Joseph André, the Town Hall impresses with its symmetrical, light-colored stone façade, decorated with sculptural details that represent the strength of work and progress, key values of Charleroi’s identity. These decorative elements are not only artistic, but also narrate the soul of the city, a city that has adapted and evolved over the centuries.

Upon entering the interior, we encounter a series of spaces that combine functionality and beauty, such as murals, stained-glass windows, and other ornamental details that evoke the city’s dynamism. Every corner of the Town Hall is steeped in local history, offering a comprehensive view of Charleroi and its relationship to work and industry. One of the building’s highlights is its belfry, a 70-meter-high tower that is a World Heritage Site, inscribed by UNESCO as part of the network of historic belfries of Belgium and northern France. This belfry houses a carillon composed of 47 bells, whose melodies resonate throughout the city at special moments, marking celebrations and significant events in Charleroi.

From the top of the Belfry, visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the city and its surroundings. The viewing platform, in particular, offers one of the best perspectives, especially at sunset, when the sky and buildings are illuminated with a warm, golden light, creating a unique atmosphere. City Hall is not only an administrative center but also a cultural meeting place. Throughout the year, its halls host temporary exhibitions, cultural events, and community activities that allow residents and visitors to connect with Charleroi’s living history and culture.

Tours of City Hall are guided, allowing tourists to explore both the exterior and interior of the building, with a particular emphasis on its history and relevance within the city. Admission to the Belfry and other designated areas is approximately €5, with discounts available for students and children. City Hall is generally open Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., with shorter opening hours on weekends. Charleroi City Hall is more than just an administrative building: it is a testament to the city’s resilient spirit and a reflection of its rich industrial history. Visiting it is a unique opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of Charleroi and understand how its past and present are intertwined in a vibrant city that continues to grow and evolve.

Church of San Cristobal

St. Christopher’s Church, located in the heart of Charleroi, is one of the city’s architectural and spiritual jewels. Built at the end of the 19th century and completed in 1901, this church stands as a testament to the faith and devotion of the local community, while also reflecting the city’s history during its period of industrial expansion. Its neo-Gothic design, influenced by medieval European architecture, is one of the characteristics that makes it stand out among the other churches in the region.

The church’s main façade is adorned with rich details, including images of saints and biblical scenes, which bring the structure to life and impart a sense of solemnity. Its two imposing towers, reaching 60 meters in height, are visible from various points in the city, becoming a landmark that guides worshippers and visitors to the heart of Charleroi.

Upon entering the church, the first thing that strikes you is its spacious central nave, surrounded by Gothic-style columns that rise to the ceiling, creating an atmosphere of contemplation and awe. The stained-glass windows are true works of art, depicting scenes from the life of Christ, as well as key moments in the church’s history. The light filtering through these windows creates a mystical atmosphere, especially during the daytime hours when the sun illuminates the interior of the church.

One notable feature of the Church of San Cristóbal is its main altar, a majestic piece crafted from marble and adorned with gilded details. The central image of Saint Christopher, the church’s patron saint, is prominently displayed, along with a series of statues representing other saints, offering a place of reflection and prayer to those who visit this sacred space.

The church has been an important center not only for religion but also for the community. During the decades of industrial boom, the church was a meeting place for workers and their families, who came to it for comfort and strength in difficult times. Today, it remains an active place of worship, but also a space open to tourists and visitors who wish to learn more about the history of Charleroi.

Visits to St. Christopher’s Church are free and can be made at any time during opening hours, which are generally Monday through Saturday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. It is advisable to check the Mass schedule, as during these times the church is in use and tours are not possible. On Sundays, Masses are celebrated at special times, so this can be an interesting opportunity to experience the local atmosphere.

Namur

Namur, the capital of Wallonia, is a picturesque and historic city located at the confluence of the Sambre and Meuse rivers in southern Belgium. With its imposing citadel, charming old town, and relaxed atmosphere, Namur offers a unique blend of historical heritage, natural beauty, and a vibrant cultural life that makes it a must-see destination for visitors to Belgium.

Namur’s main symbol is its Citadel, one of the largest and best-preserved fortifications in Europe. Built in the Middle Ages and expanded over the centuries, the citadel offers a fascinating insight into the evolution of military defenses, from its medieval walls to the modern fortifications designed by the famous military engineer Vauban. From the top of the citadel, the panoramic views of the city and rivers are spectacular, making it an ideal place to soak up the scenery and history. Inside, you can explore underground tunnels and visit interactive exhibits that tell the story of the fortress and its impact on the region.

Namur’s old town is equally captivating, with cobblestone streets, lively squares, and architecture that reflects its medieval and Renaissance past. The Cathedral of St. Alban and St. Peter is a prime example of Baroque architecture, with an imposing façade and richly decorated interior. Also noteworthy is the Belfry of Namur, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and part of the network of historic belfries in Belgium and France.

Namur is known for its cultural atmosphere, with a variety of museums and events that enrich the visitor experience. The Felicien Rops Museum, dedicated to the famous Namur-born engraver and painter, offers an intimate look at his work, characterized by its bold Symbolist style and social criticism. Another attraction is the Namur Museum (TreM.a), which houses a remarkable collection of medieval and Renaissance art, including goldsmithing, sculpture, and paintings.

The city is also famous for its connection to the Sambre and Meuse rivers, which offer opportunities for outdoor activities. A boat trip on the Meuse allows you to discover the city from a different perspective, while the routes along the riverbanks are perfect for hiking and cycling. Furthermore, the surrounding area of Namur is dotted with picturesque little towns, castles, and natural landscapes, such as the Ardennes region, which is ideal for nature and outdoor lovers.

Travel Guide from Mons to Namur: History, Traditions, and the Industrial Legacy of Wallonia